Wheel brake device is an important part of aircraft landing gear. It absorbs most of the kinetic energy of the aircraft during ground deceleration, which is critical to the safety of aircraft takeoff and landing. Among them, the design of maximum braking energy is one of the key parameters of the brake device, which is closely related to the safety and economy of the wheel brake device. This paper studies the calculation of the maximum braking energy of the wheel brake device of a civil aircraft. According to the relevant requirements of the airworthiness regulations, combined with the focus of the airworthiness authority on the calculation of the maximum braking energy of the brake device and the design configuration of the aircraft, taking a civil aircraft as an example, this paper analyzes the influencing factors in the calculation of the maximum braking energy of the wheel, and by calculating and comparing the braking energy of the aircraft when landing in different predetermined use scenarios and possible single and multiple fault superposition conditions, it is determined that the maximum braking energy of the aircraft occurs in the failure landing condition of two wheel brake devices in typical plateau airport. The maximum braking energy is 32. 44 MJ, which provides key parameters for the design of the aircraft wheel brake device.