With the continuous improvement of aircraft electrification and informatization, higher requirements are put forward for aviation cables. The performance of conventional aluminum conductor can not meet the requirements of new aviation cables for light weight, high strength and high conductivity. Graphene is an ideal modified material with high strength and high conductivity. Firstly, this article compares the gap between the existing electrical aluminum and electrical copper in mechanical properties and electrical conductivity; then the excellent mechanical and electrical properties of graphene were discussed; finally, the research progress of graphene in improving the mechanical and electrical properties of the aluminum matrix was reviewed. The results show that using powder metallurgy, continuous casting and rolling, graphene can greatly improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum matrix, and keep the elongation, but also reduce the conductivity by 0.5% to 4%; only the continuous graphene in the aluminum matrix can take full advantages of its high conductivity and improve the electrical properties of the aluminum matrix. At the present stage, by using powder metallurgy or continuous casting and rolling preparation technology, sacrificing a small amount of electrical conductivity, the mechanical properties of aluminum conductor are greatly improved, so as to meet the relevant needs of aviation cables, which will have a broad application prospect.