In order to study the development and application status of modern civil aircraft cockpit alarm system, through literature review, based on ergonomics theory, combined with accident analysis and the application progress of cockpit alarm system for civil aircraft at home and abroad, the design status of cockpit alarm systems for modern civil aircraft was explored, the civil aircraft cockpit alarm system’s functions, alarm methods and alarm categories were understood, research and application of cockpit warning systems at home and abroad were summarized. Based on the requirements of the cockpit alert for airworthiness management regulations and the crew’s cognitive needs in flight missions, to explore the design requirements of the cockpit alarm system. Combined with research progress in the field of human factors engineering, the improvement directions and development trends of the cockpit alert system are proposed, the timeliness and reliability of the design of civil aircraft alarm system are improved, the design of the overall structure of the cockpit alarm system must be focused, autonomous and personalized design should be emphasized, and the integration of cockpit tactile perception when necessary should be considered, to provide a reference for the overall design and optimization of subsequent alert systems.