大型飞机机身下滑入水特性数值研究
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ZHANG Xu LIU PeiQing QU Qiulin

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Numerical study of oblique water entry of large aircraft fuselage
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Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

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    摘要:

    针对带有中央翼盒的某型飞机的机身,数值研究了不同水平速度、垂向速度、姿态角和尾翘角对强迫下滑入水过程中机身水平力、垂向力和俯仰力矩的影响规律。数值模拟中,控制方程选为非定常可压缩流动的雷诺时均Navier–Stokes方程(RANS)和realizable k-ε湍流模型,使用流体体积法捕捉水气交界面的变化,采用整体动网格技术来模拟机身相对于水面的运动。结果分析表明:机身的垂向力系数和俯仰力矩系数是由垂向速度引起的冲击效应和水平速度引起的流动效应共同决定的。水平速度增大,水平流动效应增加,使得机身所受的水平力和垂向力系数减小,抬头力矩系数增大。垂向速度增大,冲击效应增大,导致机身所受的水平力和垂向力系数增大,抬头力矩减小。姿态角和尾翘角对于水平力系数的影响较小。姿态角减小会使得中央翼盒较早触碰水面导致垂向力系数和抬头力矩系数增大;而尾翘角增大会使得冲击效应增大导致垂向力系数和抬头力矩系数增大。

    Abstract:

    For the fuselage with the wing center section of a civil aircraft, the effects of horizontal velocity, vertical velocity, pitch angle and upswept angle upon the horizontal force, vertical force and pitch moment on the fuselage during the forced water entry process are investigated numerically. In the numerical simulation, the unsteady compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the realizable k-ε turbulence model are solved; the volume-of-fluid method is used to capture the water-air interface; the global moving mesh method are used to deal with the relative motion between the fuselage and the water. The results show that the vertical force coefficient and pitching moment coefficient of the fuselage are determined by the impact effect caused by vertical velocity and the flow effect caused by horizontal velocity. When the horizontal velocity increases, the horizontal flow effect increases, the horizontal force and vertical force coefficient of the fuselage reduces, and the pitch moment coefficient increases. As the vertical velocity increases, the impact effect increases, resulting in the increase of the horizontal force and vertical force coefficient of the fuselage. The effects of pitch angle and upswept angle on the horizontal force coefficient are small. The decrease of pitch angle will cause the increase of vertical force coefficient and pitch moment coefficient, because the central wing box will touch the water surface earlier. The increase of the upswept angle will lead to the increase of the impact effect, and then the increase of the vertical force coefficient and pitch moment coefficient.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-15
  • 最后修改日期:2018-04-25
  • 录用日期:2018-05-04
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